The U.S. EPA mandates that vessels operating in these waters must adhere to the VGP. Compliance is monitored by the U.S. Coast Guard. As part of the compliance process, samples must be taken from the following effluents:
Monitoring data must be submitted to the EPA annually, before February 28 of the year following data collection.
The U.S. EPA requires vessels to test their ballast water discharge twice per year, unless the sampling results are within permit limits for two consecutive sampling events. In that case, the monitoring frequency may be reduced to once per year.
Crew members can take discharge samples for VGP testing, provided they are trained and the sampling procedures are well documented. Samples must be analysed by an accredited laboratory.
Biological samples that contain living material must be analyzed within 8 hours of sampling.